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The common cold is often caused by the rhinovirus. It is one of the most widespread illnesses and is a leading cause of visits to the doctor and absence from school and work. Complications of the common cold include ear infection, sinusitis and exacerbations of reactive airway diseases. There is no proven treatment for the common cold. However, an even ...

Cardiovascular disease includes heart attacks, strokes, and the need for heart surgery and is a major cause of premature death and disability. This review set out to assess whether intensive support and encouragement to cut down on salt in foods reduced the risk of death or cardiovascular disease. This advice did reduce the amount of salt eaten which ...

The main symptom of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is leg pain in one or both calves while walking. Typically, this pain occurs during walking and is relieved by a short period of rest. This clinical phenomenon is called intermittent claudication (IC). Peripheral arterial disease is caused by progressive narrowing of the arteries in one or both legs ...

Curcumin is a natural anti-inflammatory agent that is often used in many chronic inflammatory conditions including rheumatoid arthritis, esophagitis and post-surgical inflammation. The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the effectiveness and safety of curcumin therapy for the maintenance of remission in patients with ulcerative colitis ...

It has been suggested that a lack of iron in young children negatively affects their physical and intellectual development and therefore those who are anaemic should be treated. To assess the effects of iron therapy on psychomotor development and cognitive function in very young iron deficient anaemic children, we searched eight electronic databases ...

People awaiting surgical procedures often experience high levels of anxiety. Such anxiety may result in negative bodily responses, such as increased blood pressure and heart rate, leading to slower wound healing and increased risk of infection. High anxiety may also affect the start of anaesthesia and slow down postoperative recovery. To reduce patient ...

Hypertriglyceridaemia is a condition characterised by increased blood levels of triglycerides, which constitute one of the blood lipid components. Hypertriglycerideamia can be divided into primary and secondary types. Hypertriglyceridaemia is associated with many diseases including atherosclerosis, diabetes and hypertension. To evaluate the effects ...

Hashimoto's thyroiditis is a common disease in which a form of chronic inflammation of the thyroid gland results in reduced function of the gland. It is an auto-immune disorder, which means that a person's own immune system attacks the thyroid gland, so that it no longer makes adequate quantities of thyroid hormones (hypothyroidism). Common clinical ...

Hypercholesterolaemia is the presence of high levels of cholesterol in the blood. In humans, hypercholesterolaemia is often due to high low-density-lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol levels, the so-called 'bad' cholesterol. People with hypercholesterolaemia have a higher risk of developing cardiovascular diseases such as heart attacks or strokes. Isoflavones, ...

Some men leak urine (urinary incontinence) when they cough or exercise (stress urinary incontinence) or when they have a sudden, compelling urge to pass urine (urgency urinary incontinence). Men may also need to pass urine more often than usual (frequency) or get up more than once at night to pass urine (nocturia). In men this may be due to an enlarged ...