Search

Childhood cancer is much less common than adult cancer at around 144 to 148 cases per one million children (Cancer Research UK 2011; National Cancer Institute 2012). An intensive treatment, including combined treatment modalities such as surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or a combination, is often needed for cure. These treatment modalities are frequently ...

Ovarian cancer frequently presents at an advanced stage so it may not be possible to remove all tumours during surgery. Several cycles of chemotherapy are generally given after primary surgery. Secondary surgery, performed after a few cycles of chemotherapy before further cycles of chemotherapy, is called interval debulking surgery (IDS). This review ...

Mycosis fungoides is a chronic, malignant disease causing blood cells responsible for the human immune system to affect the skin. People of all ages and from all ethnic backgrounds can develop this disease. Mycosis fungoides can cause physical symptoms that typically occur in a certain sequence making it possible to classify the disease in different ...

Both chemotherapy and radiotherapy reduce the risk of breast cancer recurring and the risk of dying from breast cancer. Generally, these therapies are given after surgery but there is uncertainty about whether they should be given at the same time (concurrently) or one after the other (sequentially). If they are used sequentially, the radiotherapy or ...

Pancreatic resections are associated with high morbidity (30% to 60%) and mortality (5%). It is not clear whether routine, preventive use of synthetic analogues of somatostatin (a hormone that inhibits pancreatic secretions) could reduce complications following pancreatic surgery. We included 21 randomised clinical trials in this review. All trials ...

High grade glioma (HGG) is a rapidly progressive form of brain cancer with a poor survival rate even after standard treatment with surgery and radiotherapy. Temozolomide is an oral anti-cancer drug. Three randomised controlled trials (RCTs) enrolling patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme (GBM - a form of HGG) have studied chemotherapy ...

Low-grade gliomas (LGG) are slow growing, less aggressive brain tumors. There are two surgical management strategies (treatments) for a person with a suspected LGG. These are biopsy, the surgical sampling of a small amount of tumor tissue, or resection, where as much as possible of the tumor is surgically removed. Tissues from both operations are then ...

Nausea and vomiting are common and very unpleasant symptoms that are often experienced by people receiving palliative care. There are several different drug therapies which are available to treat these symptoms. Levomepromazine was originally used to treat schizophrenia but is also used to control nausea and vomiting. It can be given orally or as an ...

Primary liver tumours and liver metastases from colorectal carcinoma are the two most common malignant tumours to affect the liver. The liver is second only to the lymph nodes as the most common site for metastatic disease. More than half of the patients with metastatic liver disease will die from metastatic complications. Chemoembolisation is based ...

Worldwide, breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women. Evidence shows that mammography in healthy women 50 to 70 years of age can detect breast cancer early and reduce the risk of dying from breast cancer. Mammography, however, is not a perfect tool to detect breast cancer and misses some tumours in some women, particularly in women who have ...