The use of omega-3 supplements in people with cystic fibrosis

Cycles of infection and inflammation are believed to worsen lung function in people with cystic fibrosis. Studies suggest that omega-3 fatty acids, such as those derived from fish oils, may be anti-inflammatory and may benefit many chronic inflammatory diseases including cystic fibrosis. This review includes four small studies with a total of 91 participants which compare omega-3 supplements to placebo. One short-term study reported that lung function and clinical status improved significantly when taking omega-3 supplements. Patients also produced significantly less sputum when taking omega-3 supplements. Two longer studies showed significant increases in essential fatty acid content of white blood cell membranes and serum phospholipids in people taking omega-3 supplements. Few adverse effects were reported in any of the studies. We conclude that regular omega-3 supplements may benefit people with cystic fibrosis with few adverse effects. However, there is not enough evidence from the four small studies included in this review to draw firm conclusions or recommend routine use of these supplements in people with cystic fibrosis. Larger and longer trials are needed to assess the clinical benefit of omega-3 supplementation and to determine the appropriate dosage.